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It is widely believed that English Toy Spaniels originated in the Far East, but later appeared in England in the sixteenth century. These dogs were a favorite among royalty since the time of Charles II of England.

The English Toy Spaniel is a breed that is divided into four categories based on coat color. Blenheims have coats colored dark red and white. Ruby Spaniels have solid, dark red coats, Prince Charles Spaniels are white with black and tan markings, and the King Charles Spaniel is black and tan with no white markings. The coats of the Prince and King Charles varieties tend to be longer than those of the Blenheims and Ruby Spaniels. All varieties are easy to groom but require twice per week brushing and combing.

English Toy Spaniels are compact, square-bodied dogs, with a short nose, dark eyes, and a rounded head that is large in relation to its body. Healthy weight for adult dogs is between eight and fourteen pounds. The eyes should be brown or black and very large, squarely set with the nose and little to no white of the eyes should be showing. The ears should be very long and hang closely to the head. English Toy Spaniels are abundantly coated, even on the ears. Their coat should be straight or only marginally wavy with a silky texture.

Some bloodlines are prone to health problems such as heart disease, slipped stifle, respiratory problems, ear infections and eye ailments. Eyes and ears should be kept clean to avoid infection. English Toy Spaniels may also snort, snore, or wheeze due to their short muzzles. This is especially prevalent when these dogs are hot or over-exerted. The life expectancy of the English Toy Spaniel is ten to twelve years.

English Toy Spaniels are intelligent dogs that are eager to learn. Their gentle nature makes them easy companions. They are usually well behaved and at ease among children.